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AlzRisk Paper Detail
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Reference: Ronnemaa, 2011
Cohort: Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men
Risk Factor: Blood Pressure


Average Follow-up Time Detail
"All men born between 1920 and 1924 living in Uppsala county were invited to participate in a health examination
focusing on vascular risk factors at the age 50 years. Of
the 2,841 men invited, 2,322 (82%) participated in the baseline investigation. The subjects with missing data on any of the risk factors studied were excluded (n = 54), leaving 2,268 participants for the present study.
Participants were invited to a re-examination of vascular risk factors 20 years later. Of the 1,681 available 70-year-old men invited, 1,221 attended and 1,174 had all the necessary data for this study and no dementia at that time point."

Participants were followed for dementia until 2010.

This entry describes the association between systolic blood pressure at approximately age 50 and Alzheimer disease.

Exposure Detail
"Blood pressure (BP) was measured on the right arm after 10 minutes' rest in the recumbent position and after another 2 minutes in the sitting position. Mercury manometers (Kifa Ercameter, wall-model) were used. The BP cuff had a rubber bladder, 12.5 cm wide and 35 cm long. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were read To the nearest 5 mmHg mark. The DBP was recorded at the disappearance of the Korotkoff sounds (phase five). The BP was taken by either one registered nurse or by a physician. The mean supine BP obtained by the physician in 231 subjects was 131.5/83.0 mmHg. The corresponding pressures obtained by the nurse in 216 men were 131.8/83.7 mmHg. Thus, there was no systematic error in the pressures obtained by the observers. [http://www2.pubcare.uu.se/ULSAM/invest/50yrs/meth50.htm#03]"

Age Detail
All men were born within a 4 year period.

Screening and Diagnosis Detail
AD Diagnosis:
Medical History
NINCDS ADRDA National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association Criteria (McKhann 1984)

The medical records of the ULSAM participants from all the
clinics of Uppsala University Hospital, the Uppsala general practitioners and nursing homes were reviewed until January 1, 2010 (censor date). Practically all medical care for the participants had been provided in these settings. The diagnoses of dementia were assigned by two experienced geriatricians independently, blinded from the baseline data, using all available data from these records. In case of disagreement, a third experienced geriatrician reviewed the case and the diagnosis was determined by majority decision. ... Cases of dementia without neuroimaging
and without sufficient clinical details in the medical records to set a specific dementia subtype diagnosis were classified as unspecified dementia."

Covariates & Analysis Detail
Analysis Type:
Cox proportional hazards regression

AD Covariates:
Aage
Eeducation

TD Covariates:
Aage
Eeducation